How to start eating healthy: 5 changes you can make now
Cat Lafuente, Health.com
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One of the most important things you can do for your optimal health is to eat a balanced and nutritious diet. Doing so helps stave off chronic conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes, and allows those who are chronically ill to manage their diseases. Here are the best strategies for eating healthfully long term, according to experts.
1. Start slow.
Chances are that you’re not going to know everything about healthy eating at first. Registered dietitian Trista Best advises you to start slow: “One approach is to try a new vegetable each week and research a new recipe to integrate it into a meal.” Registered dietitian Lisa DeFazio recommends a food log too. “Write down your reasons for wanting to eat healthy (lose weight, lower cholesterol, increase energy, improve moods, etc.) and read your list every day. Track your intake with an app to make sure you are getting all the nutrition you need,” she says.
2. Eat fewer ultra-processed foods.
Pre-made foods can be super convenient, especially when you’re juggling work, family and other obligations. But as per registered dietitian Summer Yule, ultra-processed foods are designed in such a way that they’re very easy to overeat. “Some examples include store-bought cookies, sugary breakfast cereals, frozen corn dogs and similar convenience foods. These foods are often high in added sugar, white flour and/or added oils, providing relatively few vitamins and minerals but a lot of calories.” So instead, make your default whole foods and meals that you prepare yourself.
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Dietitian-approved changes, such as subbing cauliflower rice for white rice, are easy enough to stick with for the long term.
3. Balance your plate.
According to DeFazio, “Fruits and vegetables should be the foundation of your diet; half your plate should be vegetables.” She also recommends having lean protein on your plate. To get that protein at breakfast, aim for an ounce of nut butter, turkey bacon or cottage cheese or an egg. Protein should be about a quarter of your plate during lunch and dinner; reach for 3 to 4 ounces (the size of a deck of cards) of skinless chicken breast or fish.
4. Make sensible swaps.
Some foods are best consumed in moderation, one of which is white flour. Fortunately, Yule has a handy tip: Swap out a significant amount of it (or other simpler carbs) for whole grains or vegetable alternatives. “Use cauliflower rice instead of white rice, legume pasta instead of white-flour pasta or enjoy sandwich fillings in a lettuce wrap,” she says. You can also swap out mayonnaise for mustard, use spiralized veggie noodles for your pasta, and drink seltzer water instead of soda. Be intentional about these choices when you shop. “Go to the market or order grocery delivery; you need a healthy-stocked fridge and pantry so you have healthy choices in the house,” DeFazio says.
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DEAR MAYO CLINIC: As a woman in my 40s, I've experienced a wide variety of diet fads come and go. One week I read it’s bad to eat carbs. The next week, it’s full-fat dairy products. I’ve seen articles that say I should only eat between certain hours of the day. There is a lot of contradictory information. How do I distinguish between nutrition myth and fact?
ANSWER: Among the sea of information about nutrition is a tide of inaccuracies. It can seem challenging to know what is good for you.
Here are 10 nutrition myths debunked:
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DEAR MAYO CLINIC: As a woman in my 40s, I've experienced a wide variety of diet fads come and go. One week I read it’s bad to eat carbs. The next week, it’s full-fat dairy products. I’ve seen articles that say I should only eat between certain hours of the day. There is a lot of contradictory information. How do I distinguish between nutrition myth and fact?
ANSWER: Among the sea of information about nutrition is a tide of inaccuracies. It can seem challenging to know what is good for you.
It may take some planning and time in the kitchen, but eating healthy on a budget is possible.
Some helpful hints include planning meals and snacks around sales and creating a shopping list. Stock up on seasonal vegetables and fruits as well as staples, such as brown rice, whole-wheat pasta, dried beans and lentils, especially when there is a sale. Consider purchasing frozen or canned fruits and vegetables as an alternative to fresh products. Be sure to check the ingredient list to avoid items with added sugars or salt.
It may take some planning and time in the kitchen, but eating healthy on a budget is possible.
Some helpful hints include planning meals and snacks around sales and creating a shopping list. Stock up on seasonal vegetables and fruits as well as staples, such as brown rice, whole-wheat pasta, dried beans and lentils, especially when there is a sale. Consider purchasing frozen or canned fruits and vegetables as an alternative to fresh products. Be sure to check the ingredient list to avoid items with added sugars or salt.
Unless you have celiac disease or gluten intolerance, you don't need to avoid gluten.
Gluten is the protein found in wheat, barley and rye. Whole-wheat products have great nutritional benefits, including essential B vitamins and fiber. Be mindful when manufacturers remove gluten, as additional sugar, salt or refined starches often are added to make up the difference in flavor and texture. If you follow a gluten-free diet for medical reasons, check the ingredient list and Nutrition Facts label to make sure you choose a healthy option.
Unless you have celiac disease or gluten intolerance, you don't need to avoid gluten.
Gluten is the protein found in wheat, barley and rye. Whole-wheat products have great nutritional benefits, including essential B vitamins and fiber. Be mindful when manufacturers remove gluten, as additional sugar, salt or refined starches often are added to make up the difference in flavor and texture. If you follow a gluten-free diet for medical reasons, check the ingredient list and Nutrition Facts label to make sure you choose a healthy option.
Although unrefined sugar options may contain a small number of vitamins and minerals, the advantage is minimal. They are still considered added sugar and contribute to the recommended daily limit on added sugar in the diet.
Although unrefined sugar options may contain a small number of vitamins and minerals, the advantage is minimal. They are still considered added sugar and contribute to the recommended daily limit on added sugar in the diet.
The fat-free and low-fat diet trend is a thing of the past — the ’80s and ’90s to be exact. Yet, some people are still scared of fat.
This shouldn't be the case, as fat has beneficial functions, like protecting our organs, maintaining cell membranes, promoting growth and development, and absorbing essential vitamins. Be aware that fats aren't created equal, though. Choose heart-healthy unsaturated fats, such as olive and canola oil, nuts, nut butters, and avocados over those that are high in saturated and transfats, such as fatty meats and high-fat dairy products.
The fat-free and low-fat diet trend is a thing of the past — the ’80s and ’90s to be exact. Yet, some people are still scared of fat.
This shouldn't be the case, as fat has beneficial functions, like protecting our organs, maintaining cell membranes, promoting growth and development, and absorbing essential vitamins. Be aware that fats aren't created equal, though. Choose heart-healthy unsaturated fats, such as olive and canola oil, nuts, nut butters, and avocados over those that are high in saturated and transfats, such as fatty meats and high-fat dairy products.
The low-carb diet is a fad diet that has continued to make an appearance over the years. It gives carbohydrates — fruit and whole grains included — a bad reputation.
People who followed this diet have had success with weight loss, but anytime someone eliminates highly processed carbohydrates foods, such as chips, cookies, white bread and potatoes smothered in butter and gravy, they would be expected to have the same results. Any diet or eating program that eliminates an entire food group gets a red flag, as one is likely to miss out on vital nutrients.
The low-carb diet is a fad diet that has continued to make an appearance over the years. It gives carbohydrates — fruit and whole grains included — a bad reputation.
People who followed this diet have had success with weight loss, but anytime someone eliminates highly processed carbohydrates foods, such as chips, cookies, white bread and potatoes smothered in butter and gravy, they would be expected to have the same results. Any diet or eating program that eliminates an entire food group gets a red flag, as one is likely to miss out on vital nutrients.
There’s little evidence that dietary cleanses do any of the things they promise.
The fact is you don't need to purchase a product to cleanse your body. Your liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract do a good job of detoxing it every day. If you're looking to rejuvenate your body, focus on eating more whole foods, drinking water and removing highly processed foods from your diet.
There’s little evidence that dietary cleanses do any of the things they promise.
The fact is you don't need to purchase a product to cleanse your body. Your liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract do a good job of detoxing it every day. If you're looking to rejuvenate your body, focus on eating more whole foods, drinking water and removing highly processed foods from your diet.
While late-night snacking can lead to weight gain or prevent weight loss, it's not because of the time on the clock. Instead, it’s about why you're eating.
It is common to reach for food for reasons other than physical hunger in the evening, whether it be a habit, boredom or craving. Be mindful about what you eat more so than when.
While late-night snacking can lead to weight gain or prevent weight loss, it's not because of the time on the clock. Instead, it’s about why you're eating.
It is common to reach for food for reasons other than physical hunger in the evening, whether it be a habit, boredom or craving. Be mindful about what you eat more so than when.
Unfortunately, no foods burn fat, make you lose weight more quickly or increase your metabolism enough to affect weight loss.
Diets that focus on single foods, like those mentioned above, are restrictive and lack nutrients the body needs. They’re also unsustainable, and any weight loss that may occur is a result of calorie restriction and will likely come back once you discontinue.
Unfortunately, no foods burn fat, make you lose weight more quickly or increase your metabolism enough to affect weight loss.
Diets that focus on single foods, like those mentioned above, are restrictive and lack nutrients the body needs. They’re also unsustainable, and any weight loss that may occur is a result of calorie restriction and will likely come back once you discontinue.
The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends having no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per day. The average American consumes 3,400 milligrams of sodium per day. The problem isn't as easy as taking the salt shaker off the table, though.
Much of the excess sodium that Americans consume from their diet comes from the salts added to processed, ready-to-eat foods and restaurant meals. Limit the processed foods and enjoy more fresh, home-cooked meals.
The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends having no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per day. The average American consumes 3,400 milligrams of sodium per day. The problem isn't as easy as taking the salt shaker off the table, though.
Much of the excess sodium that Americans consume from their diet comes from the salts added to processed, ready-to-eat foods and restaurant meals. Limit the processed foods and enjoy more fresh, home-cooked meals.
Many products labeled low-fat or fat-free contain added sugar or sodium to make up for the loss of flavor when removing or reducing fat.
In addition, fat helps with satiety — making you feel fuller longer. Choosing a fat-free product to reduce calories can backfire, as you may find yourself snacking soon after.
My best advice if you want to eat healthy is to always look at the Nutrition Facts label when choosing among fat-free, low-fat and regular. Pay attention to sugar and sodium content. Choose whole foods versus processed, and make sure you are drinking enough water. If you feel you need a more specific menu, ask your health care professional for a referral to a dietitian or nutritionist. — Allyn Wergin, R.D.N., Clinical Nutrition Services, Mayo Clinic Health System, New Prague and Le Suer, Minnesota
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(Mayo Clinic Q & A is an educational resource and doesn’t replace regular medical care. E-mail a question to MayoClinicQ&A@mayo.edu. For more information, visit www.mayoclinic.org.)
Many products labeled low-fat or fat-free contain added sugar or sodium to make up for the loss of flavor when removing or reducing fat.
In addition, fat helps with satiety — making you feel fuller longer. Choosing a fat-free product to reduce calories can backfire, as you may find yourself snacking soon after.
My best advice if you want to eat healthy is to always look at the Nutrition Facts label when choosing among fat-free, low-fat and regular. Pay attention to sugar and sodium content. Choose whole foods versus processed, and make sure you are drinking enough water. If you feel you need a more specific menu, ask your health care professional for a referral to a dietitian or nutritionist. — Allyn Wergin, R.D.N., Clinical Nutrition Services, Mayo Clinic Health System, New Prague and Le Suer, Minnesota
___
(Mayo Clinic Q & A is an educational resource and doesn’t replace regular medical care. E-mail a question to MayoClinicQ&A@mayo.edu. For more information, visit www.mayoclinic.org.)
If there are two foods out there that have gotten a bad rap over the years, there’s no question they would be carbohydrates and fats. But “you need carbohydrates at each meal for energy, as cutting carbs leads to binging and sugar cravings,” DeFazio says. “Aim for about 1 cup of cooked starch per meal, such as oatmeal, rice, sweet potatoes, couscous or pasta — whole-grain whenever possible.” She also suggests making sure you have a serving of healthy fats like nut butter, avocado or olive oil at each meal.
